{"id":74,"date":"2022-03-23T19:56:43","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T19:56:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/?p=74"},"modified":"2022-04-12T17:08:12","modified_gmt":"2022-04-12T17:08:12","slug":"7-vefarinn-mikli-formali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/?p=74","title":{"rendered":"Vefarinn mikli fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr \u2013 form\u00e1li"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
\"\"\r\n\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00a0Sumari\u00f0 1925 sat \u00cdslendingur vi\u00f0 skriftir \u00ed Taorm\u00ednu \u00e1 Sikiley, \u00e1 einum heitasta sta\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pu. Hann haf\u00f0i \u00ferj\u00e1 um tv\u00edtugt. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir ungan aldur haf\u00f0i hann \u00feegar sent fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r tv\u00e6r sk\u00e1lds\u00f6gur og eitt sm\u00e1sagnasafn, auk kvers um ka\u00fe\u00f3lsk vi\u00f0horf. N\u00fa var hann kominn su\u00f0ur til \u00cdtal\u00edu og var miki\u00f0 ni\u00f0ri fyrir. Oft lag\u00f0i hann n\u00f3tt vi\u00f0 dag, sitjandi vi\u00f0 skrifbor\u00f0i\u00f0 me\u00f0 ekki spj\u00f6r \u00e1 kroppnum utan einglyrni og l\u00e9t pennann skei\u00f0a en h\u00e9lt \u00ed hinni hendi \u00e1 barefli til a\u00f0 verjast skorkvikindum: \u201e\u00fea\u00f0 var einsog einhversta\u00f0ar stendur \u00ed b\u00f3k, aungu l\u00edkara en sk\u00e1ldinu fyndist alt undir \u00fev\u00ed komi\u00f0 a\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0ir yr\u00f0u eins margir b\u00f3kstafir \u00e1 bla\u00f0 og kostur v\u00e6ri \u00e1\u00f0ur en s\u00f3lin t\u00fangli\u00f0 og stj\u00f6rnurnar yr\u00f0u \u00fatm\u00e1\u00f0 af fest\u00edngunni,\u201c sag\u00f0i Halld\u00f3r Laxnes s\u00ed\u00f0ar um \u00feennan t\u00edma \u00ed l\u00edfi s\u00ednu er hann rita\u00f0i Vefarann mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em>.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Hva\u00f0 l\u00e1 \u00feessum unga manni svo mj\u00f6g \u00e1 hjarta? Hvers vegna l\u00e9ku honum sl\u00edkir landmunir \u00e1 a\u00f0 koma verkinu fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r?\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Svari\u00f0 liggur ekki hva\u00f0 s\u00edst \u00ed samt\u00edma sk\u00e1ldsins.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Upplausn \u00ed aldarbyrjun<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Fyrstu \u00e1ratugir 20. aldar einkenndust af miklum umbrotum \u00ed menningu og listum \u00e1 Vesturl\u00f6ndum og vilja margir ganga svo langt a\u00f0 kalla \u00feau byltingu. \u00deau n\u00e1\u00f0u yfir samf\u00e9lagsh\u00e6tti, tr\u00fa, heimspekilega hugsun, si\u00f0fer\u00f0i og b\u00f3kmenntir. \u00ddmsir hafa tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 skilin ver\u00f0i vi\u00f0 upphaf fyrri heimsstyrjaldar 1914, h\u00fan hafi afhj\u00fapa\u00f0 si\u00f0menninguna og manninn um lei\u00f0, \u00fea\u00f0 sem menn h\u00f6f\u00f0u byggt tilgang sinn \u00e1 og vilja til framt\u00ed\u00f0ar. Gunnar Gunnarsson rith\u00f6fundur sag\u00f0i s\u00ed\u00f0ar: \u201e\u00fea\u00f0 veit enginn nema s\u00e1 sem reynt hefur, hversu gj\u00f6r\u00f3l\u00edkt vi\u00f0horfi\u00f0 var fyrir og eftir 1914.\u201c Ma\u00f0urinn \u00e1tti a\u00f0 vera \u00e1 braut framfara, vit hans \u00e1tti a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a til betra samf\u00e9lags. \u00deetta reyndist t\u00e1ls\u00fdn. Endur\u00f3m af \u00feessu m\u00e1 einmitt finna \u00ed Vefaranum mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em> \u00fear sem Steinn Elli\u00f0i, a\u00f0alpers\u00f3na verksins, segir: \u201eMannviti\u00f0 er grimmasta afli\u00f0 undir s\u00f3linni, herra minn. \u00deegar mannviti\u00f0 fer \u00e1 st\u00fafana mokar \u00fea\u00f0 m\u00fagnum l\u00edkt og steypuj\u00e1rni ni\u00f0r\u00ed geysilegar \u00e1mur og kyndir r\u00e6kilega undir; s\u00ed\u00f0an sm\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00fea\u00f0 \u00far honum eggbitur vopn og br\u00fdnir n\u00fd heldur duglega, herra minn, \u00fev\u00ed ekki ver\u00f0ur l\u00e1tum lint fyren bl\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 dr\u00fdpur \u00far strj\u00fapanum \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0asta \u00f3vini mannkynsins.\u201c\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

A\u00f0rir benda hins vegar \u00e1 a\u00f0 t\u00edmabili\u00f0 fr\u00e1 1890 og fram a\u00f0 fyrri heimsstyrj\u00f6ld hafi einkennst af umbyltingu \u00e1 flestum svi\u00f0um. \u00cd m\u00e1laralist komu fram n\u00fdjungar me\u00f0 m\u00f6nnum \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 Picasso og Matisse. Fyrir str\u00ed\u00f0 sk\u00f6pu\u00f0u Stravinsky, Debussy, Ravel, Sch\u00f6nberg, Alban Berg og fleiri n\u00fdtt t\u00f3nm\u00e1l. \u00cd b\u00f3kmenntum umturna\u00f0i flokkur rith\u00f6funda s\u00edgildum formum, Einstein setti fram afst\u00e6\u00f0iskenningu s\u00edna og fleira m\u00e6tti nefna.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00c1 \u00cdslandi ur\u00f0u l\u00edka umbrot. \u00cd upphafi aldarinnar var\u00f0 til n\u00fdtt hagkerfi h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi, fj\u00f6l\u00fe\u00e6ttara og opnara en \u00e1\u00f0ur. Gamlar og n\u00fdjar l\u00edfsvenjur t\u00f3ku a\u00f0 rekast \u00e1. Menn f\u00f3ru a\u00f0 draga \u00ed efa \u00fdmsa lagab\u00e1lka sem \u00e1\u00f0ur h\u00f6f\u00f0u st\u00fdrt hugsun manna, ekki s\u00edst \u00ed tr\u00fam\u00e1lum. Prestar h\u00f6f\u00f0u ekki a\u00f0eins veri\u00f0 andlegir lei\u00f0togar heldur veraldlegir valdsmenn, fulltr\u00faar r\u00edkis og r\u00e9ttar. \u00deeir h\u00f6f\u00f0u vald yfir sannleikanum. Me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9ttb\u00fdlismyndun og sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ri menntast\u00e9tt misstu \u00feeir t\u00f6kin \u00e1 sko\u00f0anamyndun f\u00f3lks. R\u00e1\u00f0ist var a\u00f0 vi\u00f0tektum me\u00f0 \u00feeim h\u00e6tti a\u00f0 engu var l\u00edkara en f\u00f3lki v\u00e6ri kasta\u00f0 inn \u00ed n\u00fdjan veruleika. \u00deessi umbrot leitu\u00f0ust \u00fdmsir vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 t\u00falka \u00ed verkum s\u00ednum. Nokkrir rith\u00f6fundar reyndu a\u00f0 or\u00f0a brj\u00e1lsemi t\u00edmans og finna manneskjunni sta\u00f0 a\u00f0 n\u00fdju en \u00e1n \u00e1rangurs. Annars einkenndust \u00e1rin eftir fyrra str\u00ed\u00f0 af \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishyggju sem var\u00f0 \u00ed sumum tilvikum a\u00f0 sterkri einangrunarstefnu. \u00c1hugi \u00e1 innlendum menningararfi var afar \u00e1berandi og afsta\u00f0a til n\u00fdsk\u00f6punarmanna \u00ed listum a\u00f0 sama skapi neikv\u00e6\u00f0. Tilraunum listamanna til a\u00f0 tj\u00e1 \u00f6ng\u00feveiti t\u00edmans var \u00fev\u00ed ekki alltaf teki\u00f0 opnum \u00f6rmum.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Upp \u00far \u00feessu andr\u00famslofti sprettur Vefarinn mikli fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em>. \u00cd honum er leitast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 tj\u00e1 \u00f6ng\u00feveiti l\u00ed\u00f0andi stundar \u2013 h\u00f6fundur gl\u00edmir \u00fear af einur\u00f0 vi\u00f0 samt\u00edma sinn.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00a0Dagar hj\u00e1 m\u00fankum<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00c1 \u00feessum \u00e1rum leitu\u00f0u menn s\u00e9r athvarfs \u00ed \u00fdmsum hugmyndastefnum og straumum, m.a. \u00ed tr\u00faarkenningum. \u00dear t\u00f6ldu \u00feeir sig f\u00e1 f\u00f3tfestu. \u00deegar Halld\u00f3r Laxness st\u00f3\u00f0 \u00e1 tv\u00edtugu, \u00ed byrjun desember 1922, gekk hann \u00ed klaustri\u00f0 Saint Maurice de Clervaux \u00ed L\u00faxemborg og t\u00f3k upp d\u00fdrlingsnafni\u00f0 Kiljan. Hva\u00f0 var \u00fea\u00f0 sem ungur rith\u00f6fundur af nor\u00f0urhjara hug\u00f0ist s\u00e6kja \u00ed ni\u00f0urlenskt klaustur? \u201eMig f\u00fdsti a\u00f0 vita meira um \u00fe\u00e1 einkennilegu kirkju sem \u00f3tal pokaprestar \u00e1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum h\u00f6f\u00f0u ekki gert anna\u00f0 en fussa og sveia \u00ed m\u00edn eyru. \u00c9g var haldinn \u00f3se\u00f0jandi laungun til a\u00f0 kynnast \u00feeim tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0um sem platt\u00fe\u00fdskir danak\u00f3ngar myrtu \u00edslend\u00ednga \u00fataf og nefnt var si\u00f0b\u00f3t,\u201c sag\u00f0i Halld\u00f3r s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00ed b\u00f3k sinni Dagar hj\u00e1 m\u00fankum<\/em> en \u00fear er prentu\u00f0 dagb\u00f3k hans fr\u00e1 klausturt\u00edmanum.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Eftir t\u00e6plega \u00e1rsvist \u00ed klaustrinu, 4. okt\u00f3ber 1923, ger\u00f0ist hann \u201eoblatus secularis\u201c en \u00fea\u00f0 er eitt afbrig\u00f0i munkd\u00f3ms. \u00deeir sem taka sl\u00edka v\u00edgslu skuldbinda sig til a\u00f0 lifa \u00ed anda ka\u00fe\u00f3lskrar tr\u00faar og \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma skrifar hann til vinar s\u00edns, J\u00f3ns Helgasonar \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn, a\u00f0 hausti\u00f0 eftir \u00e6tli hann a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta loka sig inni til sex \u00e1ra su\u00f0ur \u00ed R\u00f3m. Hann er sta\u00f0r\u00e1\u00f0inn \u00ed a\u00f0 gerast jes\u00fa\u00edt\u00edskur klerkur. Halld\u00f3r vir\u00f0ist hafa fundi\u00f0 s\u00e9r skj\u00f3l \u00ed ka\u00fe\u00f3lskunni \u00ed umbrotum samt\u00edmans. Hausti\u00f0 1923 er hann kominn \u00ed sk\u00f3la \u00ed Englandi hj\u00e1 kristmunkum \u00fear sem hann byrjar a\u00f0 skrifa b\u00f3kina Heiman eg<\/em> f\u00f3r<\/em> en h\u00fan \u201evar\u00f0 eitt skrefanna \u00ed \u00e1tt til Vefarans mikla<\/em>,\u201c sag\u00f0i Halld\u00f3r s\u00ed\u00f0ar. \u00cd lok jan\u00faar 1924 hefur hann sagt skili\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sk\u00f3lann og heldur heim \u00e1 lei\u00f0 en hann \u00e1tti eftir a\u00f0 dvelja aftur \u00ed klaustrinu \u00feegar hann var \u00e1 lei\u00f0inni til \u00cdslands fr\u00e1 Sikiley me\u00f0 Vefarann mikla<\/em> \u00ed farteskinu. \u201eFyrri klausturvist m\u00edn \u00ed Clervaux setti mark sitt \u00e1 \u00feessa sk\u00e1lds\u00f6gu, lag\u00f0i grunn a\u00f0 vangaveltum m\u00ednum um hi\u00f0 kristna gu\u00f0shugtak. Vera m\u00edn \u00ed klaustrinu hi\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ara sinn var\u00f0 enn til a\u00f0 sk\u00fdra l\u00ednur. B\u00f3kin var a\u00f0 s\u00f6nnu fyrsta svar mitt vi\u00f0 himnahugmyndunum; ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a dj\u00fapra \u00feeink\u00ednga var efahyggja \u2026 \u00c9g haf\u00f0i me\u00f0 vissum h\u00e6tti skrifa\u00f0 mig fr\u00e1 tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0unum \u00ed Vefaranum og \u00f3beint loka\u00f0 klausturportunum a\u00f0 baki m\u00e9r \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00e9g sat me\u00f0 einglyrni \u00ed hitasv\u00e6kju su\u00f0ur \u00e1 Sikiley,\u201c segir Halld\u00f3r \u00ed D\u00f6gum hj\u00e1 m\u00fankum<\/em>.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00a0Ma\u00f0ur \u00ed l\u00edfssko\u00f0unarkreppu<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00c1 \u00feri\u00f0ja \u00e1ratugnum skrifa\u00f0i Halld\u00f3r Laxness fj\u00f6lda greina \u00ed \u00edslensk bl\u00f6\u00f0. Hann l\u00e1 ekki \u00e1 sko\u00f0unum s\u00ednum \u00fear um \u00edslenskt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lag og menningu. \u00dear tekur hann afst\u00f6\u00f0u me\u00f0 evr\u00f3pskri borgarmenningu gegn \u00edslenskri sveitamenningu. \u00cd einni af greinunum sem s\u00ed\u00f0ar voru prenta\u00f0ar \u00ed Af menn\u00edngar\u00e1standi<\/em> segir hann: \u201eS\u00fa t\u00ed\u00f0 er li\u00f0in a\u00f0 b\u00f3ndinn s\u00e9 bur\u00f0arsto\u00f0 \u00edslenskrar menn\u00edngar. \u2026 N\u00fa \u00e1 d\u00f6gum hv\u00edlir \u00edslensk menn\u00edng \u00e1 her\u00f0um menta\u00f0ra vitsmunamanna, v\u00edsindamanna og snill\u00ednga til or\u00f0s, myndar og t\u00f3ns. Fjasi\u00f0 um d\u00e1semdir b\u00e6ndamenn\u00edngar \u00e1 vorum d\u00f6gum er ekki anna\u00f0 en samviskulaust p\u00f3lit\u00edskt skjall.\u201c Svipa\u00f0a sko\u00f0un er a\u00f0 finna hj\u00e1 Steini Elli\u00f0a \u00ed Vefaranum mikla<\/em> en \u00fear segir hann um \u00cdslendinga: \u201eHva\u00f0a erindi \u00e1 \u00e9g framar me\u00f0al \u00feessarar sveitamanna\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar, innanum ruddalega b\u00fara og au\u00f0sj\u00faka \u00fatvegsb\u00e6ndur, \u00ed \u00feessu landi al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uspekinnar, \u00fear sem f\u00e1nasveit menn\u00edngarinnar er skipu\u00f0 fl\u00f6kkurum, \u00f6mmum, sp\u00e1kell\u00edngum og uppgjafahreppstj\u00f3rum.\u201c Halld\u00f3r kemur \u00ed greinum \u00feessum fram sem bo\u00f0beri n\u00fat\u00edmamenningar, vill a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in kynnist henni \u00e1n tafar me\u00f0 kostum og g\u00f6llum. \u00cd skrifum \u00feessum l\u00fdsir hann einnig n\u00fat\u00edmamanninum og um hann segir sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0: \u201eN\u00fat\u00edmama\u00f0urinn hefur hundra\u00f0ogfimt\u00edu l\u00edfsko\u00f0anir en eingin \u00feeirra er hans eigin. Hans eigin l\u00edfsko\u00f0un er hin eina sem hann ekki hefur.\u201c \u00deessi greinaskrif Halld\u00f3rs Kiljans Laxness v\u00f6ktu mikla \u00f3lgu og margir ur\u00f0u til a\u00f0 andm\u00e6la \u00feeim.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Oft er fr\u00f3\u00f0legt a\u00f0 lesa \u00fea\u00f0 sem Halld\u00f3r Laxness ritar um eigin verk. Hann er \u00f3hr\u00e6ddur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fjalla um \u00feau, enda hefur hann \u00e6vinlega liti\u00f0 \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfan sig \u00ed fort\u00ed\u00f0inni eins og allt annan mann, talar jafnvel um sj\u00e1lfan sig \u00ed \u00feri\u00f0ju pers\u00f3nu. Hann skilur \u00e1 milli s\u00edn \u00ed n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0 og \u00fe\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0. \u00deessu l\u00fdsir hann skemmtilega \u00ed grein sem hann skrifa\u00f0i a\u00f0 tilhlutan danska bla\u00f0sins Politiken<\/em> \u00feegar Vefarinn mikli<\/em> kom \u00fat \u00fear \u00ed landi 1975. Hann segir a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feurfi enga sm\u00e1r\u00e6\u00f0is sj\u00e1lfumgle\u00f0i til a\u00f0 skrifa ritd\u00f3m um sj\u00e1lfan sig en vitnar s\u00ed\u00f0an til \u00feeirrar kenningar er segir a\u00f0 frumur mannsl\u00edkamans endurn\u00fdist \u00e1 sj\u00f6 \u00e1rum \u201e\u00feannig a\u00f0 ma\u00f0ur f\u00e6r n\u00fdan l\u00edkama og vonandi einnig n\u00fda s\u00e1l 7unda hvert \u00e1r. Samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessum v\u00edsindum \u00e6tti m\u00e9r a\u00f0 vera \u00f3h\u00e6tt a\u00f0 fullyr\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00e9g er sj\u00f6undi ma\u00f0ur fr\u00e1 \u00feeim h\u00f6fundi sem \u00e9g hef \u00feann hei\u00f0ur a\u00f0 ritd\u00e6ma n\u00fana.\u201c Og \u00ed tilviki Halld\u00f3rs er \u00fea\u00f0 ekki fjarri lagi \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hann hefur veri\u00f0 \u00f3hr\u00e6ddur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 endurn\u00fdja afst\u00f6\u00f0u s\u00edna til m\u00e1la \u00e1 l\u00f6ngum ferli en liti\u00f0 \u00e1 or\u00f0 s\u00edn og gj\u00f6r\u00f0ir \u00ed fort\u00ed\u00f0 sem fr\u00f3\u00f0legan part af sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r. \u00cd grein \u00feessari \u00ed Politiken<\/em> skrifar Halld\u00f3r um Vefarann mikla<\/em> a\u00f0 sagan s\u00e9 \u00ed grundvallaratri\u00f0um rauns\u00e6issk\u00e1ldsaga \u201een ris hennar mynda s\u00e1larl\u00fdsingar manns sem hrj\u00e1\u00f0ur er l\u00edfsko\u00f0unarkreppu.\u201c Hann er me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um a\u00f0 fjalla um n\u00fat\u00edmamanninn \u00ed \u00feessari b\u00f3k, manninn sem misst haf\u00f0i f\u00f3tanna \u00ed heiminum \u00e1 fyrstu \u00e1ratugum 20. aldarinnar og leitar a\u00f0 f\u00f3tfestu \u00ed n\u00fdjum heimi, \u2013 n\u00fdjum gildum, n\u00fdjum sannleika.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

N\u00fat\u00edmama\u00f0urinn<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

N\u00fat\u00edmama\u00f0urinn var Halld\u00f3ri \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma hvort tveggja \u00ed senn lausnaror\u00f0 og her\u00f3p, eins og Peter Hallberg hefur bent \u00e1. Hann l\u00e6tur Stein l\u00fdsa s\u00e9r fyrir skriftaf\u00f6\u00f0ur s\u00ednum sem n\u00fat\u00edmamanni sem leystur er \u00far v\u00e9b\u00f6ndum erf\u00f0avenjunnar og er a\u00f0 vissu leyti sk\u00f6punarverk fyrri heimsstyrjaldar: \u201e\u00c9g er lifandi l\u00edkamn\u00edng \u00feeirrar manntegundar sem s\u00e9\u00f0 hefur dagsins lj\u00f3s s\u00ed\u00f0ustu t\u00edu, t\u00f3lf \u00e1rin, en aldrei var \u00e1\u00f0ur til: \u00edslenskur vesturevr\u00f3puma\u00f0ur af anda \u00feeirrar t\u00ed\u00f0ar sem sett hefur mannkynss\u00f6guna \u00ed gapastokkinn, hugsun m\u00edn er frj\u00e1ls einsog hj\u00e1 manni sem hef\u00f0i rignt \u00far stj\u00f6rnunum \u00ed \u00e1g\u00fast \u00e1ri\u00f0 1914 og lifa\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0an l\u00edfi s\u00ednu \u00e1 heimsfr\u00e9ttastofum og ritstj\u00f3rnarskrifstofum. Sk\u00e1ld vaxi\u00f0 \u00far \u00f3slitinni erf\u00f0amenn\u00edngu allar g\u00f6tur aftan\u00far forngr\u00edsku \u00e1 ekki meira sammerkt vi\u00f0 mig en burknauppgrafn\u00edngur fr\u00e1 forn\u00f6ld jar\u00f0s\u00f6gunnar.\u201c \u00d6nnur umm\u00e6li \u00ed s\u00f6gunni stefna s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00ed \u00fever\u00f6fuga \u00e1tt \u00ed s\u00f6gunni.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Um hva\u00f0 er s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00feetta mikla verk?\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Vefarinn mikli fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em> segir fr\u00e1 Steini Elli\u00f0a, sem er \u00e1 19. \u00e1ri \u00feegar sagan hefst, og greinir fr\u00e1 nokkrum \u00e1rum \u00ed l\u00edfi hans. \u00deetta vir\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 fyrstu s\u00fdn vera hef\u00f0bundin \u00feroskasaga en \u00feegar betur er a\u00f0 g\u00e1\u00f0 sprengir h\u00fan af s\u00e9r \u00feann ramma. Steinn Elli\u00f0i fl\u00f6grar milli l\u00edfssko\u00f0ana og m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 hann velkist milli \u00feriggja meginstefna: \u201eVitr\u00edngurinn \u00e1 um \u00ferent a\u00f0 velja. Hann getur vali\u00f0 um hvort hann vill lifa sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r, gu\u00f0i e\u00f0a m\u00f6nnum. \u201c \u00cd Vefaranum mikla<\/em> eru \u00feessir \u00fer\u00edr kostir \u00ed meginatri\u00f0um ka\u00fe\u00f3lska, sameignarstefnan e\u00f0a komm\u00fanismi og ofurmennishugsj\u00f3n Friedrichs Nietzsche. Ka\u00fe\u00f3lskur ma\u00f0ur lifir gu\u00f0i, sameignarsinni lifir m\u00f6nnum en s\u00e1 sem fylgir ofurmennishugsj\u00f3ninni lifir sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r. Nietzsche l\u00fdsti \u00fev\u00ed yfir a\u00f0 gu\u00f0 v\u00e6ri dau\u00f0ur, ma\u00f0urinn hef\u00f0i drepi\u00f0 hann me\u00f0 hugsun sinni. Hann sag\u00f0i a\u00f0 tilfinningin fyrir jar\u00f0l\u00edfinu yr\u00f0i r\u00edkari ef \u00f6llum hugmyndum um \u00e6\u00f0ri veruleika v\u00e6ri hafna\u00f0. Hann taldi a\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i og kenningar kristninnar um n\u00e1ungak\u00e6rleika og sam\u00fa\u00f0 v\u00e6ri \u00fer\u00e6lasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i sem hefti innsta e\u00f0li mannsins. Hi\u00f0 n\u00fdja si\u00f0fer\u00f0i, herrasi\u00f0fer\u00f0i\u00f0, \u00e1tti a\u00f0 byggjast \u00e1 e\u00f0lisl\u00e6gum vilja mannsins til valda og geta af s\u00e9r ofurmenni sem risi af l\u00edfs\u00fer\u00f3tti upp \u00far me\u00f0almennskunni.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

L\u00edfssko\u00f0anir Steins og afsta\u00f0a hans breytast \u00ed s\u00edfellu, e\u00f0a eins og Matth\u00edas Vi\u00f0ar S\u00e6mundsson segir \u00ed b\u00f3k sinni Myndir \u00e1 sandi<\/em>: \u201eR\u00f6kr\u00e6\u00f0ur hans eru \u00f6\u00f0ru fremur samt\u00f6l hans vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfan sig, sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingar sem afneita\u00f0 er jafn\u00f3\u00f0um. \u00dea\u00f0 er eins og margir menn tali \u00ed Steini Elli\u00f0a, hver \u00feeirra me\u00f0 sitt sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0, sitt andlit.\u201c Steinn hefur me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum or\u00f0um \u201ehundra\u00f0ogfimt\u00edu l\u00edfsko\u00f0anir en eingin \u00feeirra er hans eigin,\u201c eins og Halld\u00f3r sag\u00f0i \u00ed grein fr\u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma um n\u00fat\u00edmamanninn og fyrr var vitna\u00f0 til. \u00cd sk\u00e1lds\u00f6gum 19. aldar haf\u00f0i s\u00f6guh\u00f6fundurinn r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 yfir s\u00f6gu sinni en \u00fea\u00f0 endurspegla\u00f0i heildst\u00e6\u00f0a heimsmynd. \u00cd Vefaranum mikla<\/em> reynir Halld\u00f3r hins vegar ekki a\u00f0 samr\u00e6ma raddirnar sem birtast \u00ed s\u00f6gunni, \u00ed honum er engin ritst\u00fdring \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu \u00e1kve\u00f0ins bo\u00f0skapar. Sagan birtir margar l\u00edfssko\u00f0anir og \u00fe\u00e6r eru allar jafn r\u00e9tth\u00e1ar. \u00cd Vefaranum<\/em> er vitna\u00f0 til margra h\u00f6funda sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma. \u00dear m\u00e1 nefna rith\u00f6fundana August Strindberg og \u00cdtalann Giovanni Papini og austurr\u00edska hugsu\u00f0inn Ott\u00f3 Weininger. Eins og Halld\u00f3r Gu\u00f0mundsson rekur \u00ed b\u00f3k sinni \u201eLoksins, loksins<\/em>\u201c ur\u00f0u \u00feeir einna fyrstir til a\u00f0 segja skili\u00f0 vi\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagsleg og s\u00f6guleg vi\u00f0mi\u00f0 rauns\u00e6is og nat\u00faralisma: \u201e\u00cd sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 skrifa um samskipti manna og saml\u00edf, einbeita \u00feeir s\u00e9r a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfsvitun einstaklingsins, kanna afst\u00f6\u00f0u sj\u00e1lfsins til umheimsins.\u201c \u00cd \u00feessu samhengi vitnar Halld\u00f3r Gu\u00f0mundsson til or\u00f0a Papinis fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 1912 sem sag\u00f0i: \u201eAlheimurinn skiptist \u00ed tvennt: Mig \u2013 og afganginn.\u201c\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Hinn mikli fj\u00f6ldi hugmynda og vi\u00f0horfa sem fram kemur \u00ed Vefaranum mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em> er nota\u00f0ur til a\u00f0 varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 andst\u00e6\u00f0ufullt e\u00f0li Steins, \u00e1 \u00feau vandam\u00e1l sem str\u00ed\u00f0a \u00e1 huga hans. Umr\u00e6\u00f0an, \u00fer\u00e6tub\u00f3karlistin, vir\u00f0ist a\u00f0alatri\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00deannig er sagan fj\u00f6lradda verk og h\u00f6fundurinn ber enga \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6llum \u00feeim aragr\u00faa sko\u00f0ana sem \u00ed s\u00f6gunni birtast.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Taktu af \u00fe\u00e9r gr\u00edmuna, Steinn<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Steinn Elli\u00f0i kastast \u00f6fga \u00e1 milli og er engin lei\u00f0 a\u00f0 festa hendur \u00e1 sko\u00f0unum hans. \u00cd meginatri\u00f0um er hann klofinn milli \u00feess gu\u00f0lega og jar\u00f0neska, andlega og l\u00edkamlega; \u00ed honum togast \u00e1 andst\u00e6\u00f0ur sem vir\u00f0ast \u00f3s\u00e6ttanlegar \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem s\u00e1l hans girnist br\u00fdtur \u00ed b\u00e1ga vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem holdi\u00f0 heimtar.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00deessir andst\u00e6\u00f0u p\u00f3lar t\u00e1kngerast \u00ed gu\u00f0i og konunni: \u201eKonan er nefnilega hvorki meira n\u00e9 minna en h\u00e6ttulegasti me\u00f0bi\u00f0ill gu\u00f0s og keppinautur \u00fear sem s\u00e1l mannsins er \u00ed tafli,\u201c segir Steinn \u00e1 einum sta\u00f0. Eini ver\u00f0ugi \u201ekeppinautur\u201c gu\u00f0s um s\u00e1l hans er Dilj\u00e1, st\u00falkan sem elskar hann og hann er \u00e1stfanginn af, \u00fe.e.a.s. \u00feegar h\u00fan er ekki \u00edmynd freistarans dj\u00f6fullega: \u201eAlt \u00ed l\u00edfi m\u00ednu er lygi, Dilj\u00e1, gu\u00f0 og dj\u00f6fullinn, himinn og helv\u00edti, alt lygi nema \u00fe\u00fa.\u201c Segja m\u00e1 a\u00f0 Dilj\u00e1 s\u00e9 fulltr\u00fai skynseminnar, jar\u00f0samband Steins, \u201epers\u00f3nugerv\u00edng hinnar frj\u00f3u moldar\u201c eins og segir \u00ed Vefaranum mikla<\/em>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Dilj\u00e1 afhj\u00fapar hann og va\u00f0al hans me\u00f0 einf\u00f6ldum spurningum, s\u00e9r \u00ed gegnum hann og bi\u00f0ur hann \u00e1 einum sta\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka af s\u00e9r gr\u00edmuna og \u00e1 \u00fear vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 Steinn sk\u00fdli s\u00e9r st\u00f6\u00f0ugt bak vi\u00f0 kenningar, or\u00f0, sem s\u00e9u ekki hann sj\u00e1lfur heldur gr\u00edma sem for\u00f0i honum fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 horfast \u00ed augu vi\u00f0 l\u00edfi\u00f0. Undir lok verksins, \u00feegar kapphlaup gu\u00f0s og Dilj\u00e1r um s\u00e1l Steins n\u00e6r h\u00e1marki eru hugrenningar hennar birtar \u00fear sem h\u00fan segir:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Hva\u00f0 hann er heilagur og \u00f3gurlegur \u00ed kirkju sinni, \u00feessi gu\u00f0! Kirkja hans ei m\u00e1ttugri en l\u00f6gm\u00e1l n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar og kallar til s\u00edn mannss\u00e1lir a\u00f0 austan og vestan, nor\u00f0an og sunnan, kallar \u00fe\u00e6r \u00far \u00f6llum h\u00f6fu\u00f0\u00e1ttum til \u00feess a\u00f0 r\u00edsa gegn e\u00f0li hins skapa\u00f0a og hefja sig \u00far duftinu upp\u00e1vi\u00f0 til eil\u00edf\u00f0arinnar. Jes\u00fas Kristur er skr\u00edngilegur har\u00f0stj\u00f3ri: \u00f3vinir hans krossfestu hann, og hann krossfestir vini s\u00edna \u00ed sta\u00f0inn. Kirkjan er r\u00edki krossfestra. Hva\u00f0 m\u00e1ttu \u00e1stir vesallar skapa\u00f0rar konu gegn hinni heil\u00f6gu kirkju Jes\u00fa Krists, sem er m\u00e1ttugri en sk\u00f6punarverki\u00f0?<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Steinn Elli\u00f0i er ekki a\u00f0eins einstaklingur heldur hefur hann miklu v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kari sk\u00edrskotun, hann er t\u00e1kngervingur n\u00fdrra t\u00edma. Gl\u00edma hans vi\u00f0 hinstu r\u00f6k tilverunnar, \u00feegar yfirvofandi er a\u00f0 s\u00f3lin, tungli\u00f0 og stj\u00f6rnurnar ver\u00f0i \u00fatm\u00e1\u00f0 af festingunni, er ekkert einsd\u00e6mi, Steinn \u00e1 s\u00e9r marga \u201ebr\u00e6\u00f0ur\u201c, me\u00f0al \u00feeirra er h\u00f6fundurinn sj\u00e1lfur, enda \u00fe\u00f3tt ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00feeirra geti veri\u00f0 a\u00f0rar en hans. Sagan er \u00ed r\u00edkum m\u00e6li sj\u00e1lfsk\u00f6nnun og er fr\u00f3\u00f0legt a\u00f0 bera saman Halld\u00f3r Kiljan Laxness og Stein Elli\u00f0a, sko\u00f0anir \u00feeirra \u00e1 klausturvist og kristind\u00f3mi, stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lum og kvenf\u00f3lki, en um sko\u00f0anir sk\u00e1ldsins \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma m\u00e1 me\u00f0al annars lesa \u00ed Af menn\u00edngar\u00e1standi<\/em> sem fyrr var vitna\u00f0 til.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Halld\u00f3r l\u00fdsti hins vegar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um Vefarans mikla<\/em> svo \u00ed Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ub\u00f3kinni<\/em> \u00e1ri\u00f0 1929, tveimur \u00e1rum eftir \u00fatkomu hans: \u201e\u201eVefarinn mikli\u201c er ekki sorgarleikur einnar mannss\u00e1lar, heldur ver\u00f0a menn\u00edngarskil \u00fear sem tjaldi\u00f0 er dregi\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur \u00ed \u201eVefaranum\u201c. \u00dea\u00f0an \u00ed fr\u00e1 eru ekki annars \u00farkostir en hefja n\u00fdan leik, \u2013 \u00e1 n\u00fdrri j\u00f6r\u00f0, undir n\u00fdum himni. Lausn \u201eVefarans\u201c gefur einga von. Frumhugsun kristind\u00f3msins er me\u00f0 \u00f6llu \u00f3samr\u00fdmanleg frumhugsun jar\u00f0nesks l\u00edfs, \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 er upphaf og endir \u201eVefarans\u201c. S\u00e9 gu\u00f0 alt og ma\u00f0urinn blekk\u00edng ein og h\u00e9g\u00f3mi, \u00fe\u00e1 liggur \u00ed augum uppi a\u00f0 manninum er best a\u00f0 halla s\u00e9r \u00fataf og deya, svo a\u00f0 gu\u00f0 geti veri\u00f0 alt \u00ed fri\u00f0i.\u201c Me\u00f0 \u00feeim or\u00f0um m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 Halld\u00f3r hafi kvatt hina ka\u00fe\u00f3lsku tr\u00fa, \u201e\u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 afneita grundvallarhugmynd kirkjunnar\u201c, eins og hann sag\u00f0i h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld s\u00ed\u00f0ar \u00ed minningab\u00f3k sinni \u00dangur eg var<\/em>. N\u00fa haf\u00f0i hann sn\u00faist til sameignarstefnu, s\u00f3s\u00edalisma, sem hann t\u00f3k a\u00f0 bo\u00f0a af engu minni \u00e1kafa en tr\u00fana \u00e1\u00f0ur.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Dau\u00f0ir menn \u00e1 n\u00e6rbuxum<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Vefarinn mikli fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em> er fj\u00f6lbreytt verk. \u201eFinna m\u00e1 \u00ed b\u00f3kinni ritger\u00f0ir sem n\u00e1lgast heimspeki, ennfremur fj\u00f3rar sm\u00e1s\u00f6gur \u2026 nokkrar barnas\u00f6gur, lj\u00f3\u00f0m\u00e6li, \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0\u00edngartilraunir \u00e1 bundnu og \u00f3bundnu m\u00e1li, kristilega dulspeki \u00ed b\u00e6nab\u00f3karst\u00edl l\u00f6gu\u00f0um eftir Imitasj\u00f3ninni, dr\u00f6g \u00ed h\u00f3mil\u00edust\u00edl og heilagra manna s\u00f6gu, auk nokkurra fleiri b\u00f3kmentalegra \u00e6f\u00ednga,\u201c sag\u00f0i Halld\u00f3r Laxness \u00ed eftirm\u00e1la a\u00f0 2. \u00fatg\u00e1fu verksins. \u00de\u00e1 sk\u00fdtur s\u00farrealismi upp kollinum \u201e\u00feegar v\u00e6minn h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0leiki h\u00f3tar a\u00f0 taka v\u00f6ldin,\u201c eins og hann segir \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum sta\u00f0.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00deetta var n\u00fdjung \u00ed \u00edslenskum b\u00f3kmenntum enda \u00feessi b\u00f3kmenntastefna \u00fe\u00e1 n\u00fdkomin fram. Einnig m\u00e1 segja a\u00f0 beiting tungum\u00e1lsins \u00ed s\u00f6gunni s\u00e9 n\u00fdst\u00e1rleg \u00fear sem hann kemur me\u00f0 \u00f3v\u00e6ntar l\u00edkingar \u00ed \u00e6tt vi\u00f0 \u201ekarnivalisma\u201c, sem svo er nefndur, eins og Halld\u00f3r Gu\u00f0mundsson hefur bent \u00e1 \u00ed b\u00f3k sinni \u201eLoksins, loksins\u201c<\/em>. \u00de\u00e1 er lesandinn rifinn \u00far h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0legum einr\u00e6\u00f0um Steins me\u00f0 \u00f3v\u00e6ntum tengingum upphafinna \u00fe\u00e1tta og \u00f3merkilegra, himneskra og jar\u00f0neskra. \u00c1g\u00e6tt d\u00e6mi um \u00fea\u00f0 er d\u00f3msdagss\u00fdn Steins Elli\u00f0a \u00fear sem segir: \u201eDagur rei\u00f0innar var risinn. S\u00f3lin myrkva\u00f0ist og bj\u00f6rgin klofnu\u00f0u, en \u00fat\u00far \u00feeim hlupu dau\u00f0ir menn \u00e1 n\u00e6rbuxunum og vissu ekki sitt rj\u00fakandi r\u00e1\u00f0. Og Steini \u00fe\u00f3tti musterisfortjaldi\u00f0 rifna ofanfr\u00e1 og ni\u00f0r\u00far.\u201c<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

H\u00e9r dregur Halld\u00f3r upp mikilfenglega mynd af heimsendi, \u00feegar gu\u00f0 hefur unni\u00f0 endanlegan sigur yfir \u00f6llu illu og heldur d\u00f3m yfir m\u00f6nnum, en sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 getur svo ekki stillt sig um a\u00f0 r\u00edfa h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0leikann ni\u00f0ur me\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0villtum m\u00f6nnum sem vaktir eru upp svo \u00feeir hlaupa um \u00e1 n\u00e6rbr\u00f3kum einum fata.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Anna\u00f0 d\u00e6mi um svipu\u00f0 st\u00edlbr\u00f6g\u00f0 eru: \u201eFyrsti sp\u00f3inn vall \u00ed \u00fatsu\u00f0ri einsog \u00fangur drykkjuma\u00f0ur sem ekki ver\u00f0ur svefnsamt. Annars voru fuglar ekki komnir \u00e1 stj\u00e1. Tv\u00e6r sau\u00f0kindur, r\u00e1\u00f0settar og hei\u00f0arlegar einsog aldra\u00f0ar h\u00fasm\u00e6\u00f0ur, fetu\u00f0u \u00ed h\u00e6g\u00f0um s\u00ednum eftir mj\u00f3rri fj\u00e1rg\u00f6tu skamt burtu, gaungulagi\u00f0 settlegt og merkilegt; \u00fe\u00e6r voru a\u00f0 hugsa.\u201c \u00dearna er \u00f3l\u00edkum svi\u00f0um slegi\u00f0 saman svo \u00far ver\u00f0ur kostuleg mynd og lesandinn s\u00e9r b\u00e6\u00f0i sp\u00f3a og sau\u00f0kindur \u00ed n\u00fdju lj\u00f3si! Nokkrum \u00e1rum fyrr haf\u00f0i \u00de\u00f3rbergur \u00de\u00f3r\u00f0arson beitt vi\u00f0l\u00edka a\u00f0fer\u00f0um \u00ed Br\u00e9fi til L\u00e1ru<\/em> en \u00fearna heldur Halld\u00f3r \u00e1fram \u00fev\u00ed uppgj\u00f6ri vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskar lausam\u00e1lsb\u00f3kmenntir sem \u00fe\u00e1 h\u00f3fst.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Loksins, loksins<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Halld\u00f3r Kiljan Laxness sneri aftur til \u00cdslands \u00e1 vord\u00f6gum 1926. \u00d3h\u00e6tt er a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 vel hafi veri\u00f0 fylgst me\u00f0 sk\u00e1ldinu unga \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00ed Morgunbla\u00f0inu<\/em> segir 29. apr\u00edl a\u00f0 sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 s\u00e9 komi\u00f0 heim me\u00f0 handriti\u00f0 a\u00f0 Vefaranum mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em>: \u201eN\u00fa hafa b\u00e6jarb\u00faar s\u00e9\u00f0 Kiljan h\u00e9r \u00e1 g\u00f6tunum, langan og grannan, me\u00f0 gleraugun miklu og hattinn bar\u00f0ast\u00f3ra \u00fear sem hann stikar l\u00f6ngum skrefum, t\u00e6r\u00f0ur af r\u00fdni \u00ed regindj\u00fap mannlegrar tilveru og umfa\u00f0mandi og umlykjandi \u00f6ll hin n\u00fdjustu form \u00ed sk\u00e1ldlist.\u201c Ekki dug\u00f0i \u00feessi fj\u00e1lglega l\u00fdsing bla\u00f0sins til a\u00f0 afla h\u00f6fundinum \u00fatgefanda a\u00f0 b\u00f3kinni. \u201e\u00c9g held Vefarinn<\/em> hafi veri\u00f0 bo\u00f0inn \u00f6llum \u00edslenskum \u00fatgefendum sem \u00f6ndin blakti \u00ed, en einginn vildi leggja nafn sitt vi\u00f0 svo l\u00e9lega b\u00f3k; \u00feeir t\u00f6ldu l\u00edka \u00f3hugsandi a\u00f0 nokkur ma\u00f0ur vildi kaupa \u00feetta.\u201c Halld\u00f3r gaf b\u00f3kina \u00fat sj\u00e1lfur \u00e1ri s\u00ed\u00f0ar fyrir eigin reikning \u201eog leig\u00f0i g\u00f6tustr\u00e1ka og s\u00e9rvitr\u00ednga til a\u00f0 selja hana \u00ed heftum vi\u00f0 h\u00fasdyr f\u00f3lks. \u00deetta framtak gaf svo g\u00f3\u00f0a raun a\u00f0 \u00e9g f\u00f3r til Amriku fyrir \u00e1g\u00f3\u00f0ann og dvaldist \u00fear h\u00e1tt \u00e1 \u00feri\u00f0ja \u00e1r,\u201c sag\u00f0i sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ar.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00datg\u00e1fan vakti misj\u00f6fn vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0. Sumir fundu verkinu flest til for\u00e1ttu, enda sagan harla \u00f3venjuleg \u00e1 \u00feeim t\u00edma. Ritd\u00f3mur Gu\u00f0mundar Finnbogasonar landsb\u00f3kavar\u00f0ar \u00ed t\u00edmaritinu V\u00f6ku<\/em> birtist h\u00e9r \u00ed heild en \u00fear sag\u00f0i um Vefarann mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr: \u201eV\u00e9lstrokka\u00f0 tilberasmj\u00f6r\u201c. Me\u00f0 or\u00f0inu \u201etilberasmj\u00f6r\u201c gefur hann \u00ed skyn a\u00f0 b\u00f3kin s\u00e9 af annarlegum og vafas\u00f6mum uppruna og me\u00f0 vi\u00f0b\u00f3tinni \u201ev\u00e9lstrokka\u00f0\u201c er h\u00fan afgreidd sem t\u00edskufyrirb\u00e6ri, fj\u00f6ldaframlei\u00f0sla eftir l\u00f6gm\u00e1li f\u00e6ribandsins. \u00d6llu fr\u00e6gari er hins vegar ritd\u00f3mur Kristj\u00e1ns Albertssonar \u00ed sama t\u00edmariti en hann var \u00e1hrifamikill \u00ed menningarumr\u00e6\u00f0unni \u00e1 \u00feri\u00f0ja \u00e1ratugnum \u00e1 \u00cdslandi: \u201eLoksins, loksins tilkomumiki\u00f0 sk\u00e1ldverk, sem r\u00eds eins og hamraborg upp \u00far flatneskju \u00edslenskrar lj\u00f3\u00f0a- og sagnager\u00f0ar s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1ra! \u00cdsland hefur eignast n\u00fdtt st\u00f3rsk\u00e1ld \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 er bl\u00e1tt \u00e1fram skylda vor a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenna \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 f\u00f6gnu\u00f0i.\u201c S\u00e6nski b\u00f3kmenntafr\u00e6\u00f0ingurinn Peter Hallberg sem miki\u00f0 rannsaka\u00f0i verk Halld\u00f3rs Laxness sag\u00f0i s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00ed b\u00f3k sinni um \u00e6skuverk hans: \u201eVafam\u00e1l er, hvort nokkru sinni hafi komi\u00f0 \u00fat b\u00f3k \u00e1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum, sem gefi jafn sterka og fj\u00f6lskr\u00fa\u00f0uga l\u00fdsingu \u00e1 hugsunarh\u00e6tti eftirstr\u00ed\u00f0s\u00e1ranna og Vefarinn mikli<\/em>.\u201c\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00ddmsir telja a\u00f0 me\u00f0 Vefaranum mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em> hefjist n\u00fat\u00edminn \u00ed \u00edslenskri sagnager\u00f0. Vissulega m\u00e1 f\u00e6ra gild r\u00f6k fyrir \u00fev\u00ed \u00fear sem verki\u00f0 er a\u00f0 s\u00f6nnu n\u00fat\u00edmalegt og \u00e1 sinni t\u00ed\u00f0 \u00e1 skj\u00f6n vi\u00f0 flest er rita\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00edslenska tungu. Ekki var\u00f0 hins vegar framhald \u00e1 \u00feessari \u00fer\u00f3un. \u00cdslenskir lesendur \u00feurftu a\u00f0 b\u00ed\u00f0a \u00ed nokkra \u00e1ratugi eftir frekari \u201em\u00f3dernisma\u201c \u00ed \u00edslenskri sk\u00e1ldsagnager\u00f0. Fram\u00farstefnuskei\u00f0i Halld\u00f3rs Laxness var a\u00f0 lj\u00faka \u2013 \u00ed bili. Hann sneri s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 skrifa st\u00f3r og mikil rauns\u00e6isverk \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 S\u00f6lku V\u00f6lku<\/em>, Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt f\u00f3lk<\/em> og Heimslj\u00f3s<\/em>. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed endurn\u00fdja\u00f0i hann \u00edslenska fr\u00e1sagnarlist sem f\u00e6r\u00f0i honum N\u00f3belsver\u00f0launin \u00ed b\u00f3kmenntum \u00e1ri\u00f0 1955. \u00c1 sj\u00f6unda \u00e1ratugnum t\u00f3ku \u00edslenskir rith\u00f6fundar s\u00ed\u00f0an fyrir alv\u00f6ru a\u00f0 gl\u00edma vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 sprengja hi\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundna sk\u00e1lds\u00f6guform og l\u00e9t Halld\u00f3r Laxness \u00fe\u00e1 ekki \u00e1 s\u00e9r standa. 1968, fj\u00f3rum \u00e1ratugum eftir a\u00f0 hann sendi Vefarann mikla<\/em> fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r, skrifa\u00f0i hann Kristnihald undir J\u00f6kli<\/em> \u00fear sem hann t\u00f3k a\u00f0 nokkru leyti upp \u00fer\u00e1\u00f0inn \u00fear sem fr\u00e1 var horfi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessu t\u00edmam\u00f3taverki.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Eftir a\u00f0 Halld\u00f3r Kiljan Laxness var kominn heim me\u00f0 Vefarann mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em> t\u00f3k hann a\u00f0 s\u00e6ttast vi\u00f0 land sitt og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 eins og lj\u00f3\u00f0i\u00f0 Hallormssta\u00f0ask\u00f3gur 26. \u00e1g\u00fast 1926 s\u00fdnir. \u00dear talar sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 um sj\u00e1lfan sig sem \u201ehann sem f\u00f3r \u00e1\u00f0ur vegarvilt \u00ed borgum\u201c, \u201esem var \u00e1\u00f0ur afglapinn \u00e1 torgum\u201c en er n\u00fa \u201eor\u00f0inn sk\u00e1ld \u00ed Hallormssta\u00f0ask\u00f3g\u201c:\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u201eH\u00e9\u00f0an \u00ed fr\u00e1 er fort\u00ed\u00f0 m\u00edn \u00ed \u00f6sku\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

og framt\u00ed\u00f0 m\u00edn er nor\u00f0urhvelsins lj\u00f3\u00f0.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

L\u00edkt og hj\u00e1 p\u00f3sti loku\u00f0 br\u00e9f \u00ed t\u00f6sku\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

l\u00edt \u00e9g gu\u00f0s forsj\u00f3n \u2013 e\u00f0a heljarsl\u00f3\u00f0.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Bros mitt er lj\u00faft sem brenniv\u00edn \u00e1 fl\u00f6sku.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00c9g b\u00fd\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9r d\u00fas, m\u00edn elskulega \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0.\u201c\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Form\u00e1li a\u00f0 \u00fatg\u00e1fu V\u00f6ku-Helgafells \u00e1 Vefaranum mikla fr\u00e1 Kasm\u00edr<\/em> \u00e1ri\u00f0 1996<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Sumari\u00f0 1925 sat \u00cdslendingur vi\u00f0 skriftir \u00ed Taorm\u00ednu \u00e1 Sikiley, \u00e1 einum heitasta sta\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pu. Hann haf\u00f0i \u00ferj\u00e1 um tv\u00edtugt. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-formalar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=74"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":104039,"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74\/revisions\/104039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=74"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=74"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skaldatimi.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=74"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}